People

If Great Britain successfully landedan Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:40:51 +0000
The army was still in fighting-order, with the fortresses ofBohemia behind it. Whether Austria would continue the war depended on theaction of the other European Powers. If Great Britain successfully landedan armament in Northern Germany or dealt any overwhelming blow in Spain, ifPrussia declared war on Napoleon, Austria might fight on.

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There was a pause Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 22:54:02 +0000
If the otherPowers failed, Austria, must make peace. The armistice of Zuaim, concludedon the 12th of July, was recognised on all sides as a mere device to gaintime. There was a pause in the great struggle in the central Continent.

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Sir Arthur Wellesley, who took Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:04:47 +0000
Itsrenewal or its termination depended upon the issue of events at a distance.For the moment the eyes of all Europe were fixed upon the British army inSpain. Sir Arthur Wellesley, who took command at Lisbon in the spring, haddriven Soult out of Oporto, and was advancing by the valley of the Tagusupon the Spanish capital.

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The English general knew nothing Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:23:51 +0000
Some appearance of additional strength was givento him by the support of a Spanish army under the command of GeneralCuesta. Wellesley's march had, however, been delayed by the neglect and badfaith of the Spanish Government, and time had been given to Soult tocollect a large force in the neighbourhood of Salamanca, ready either tofall upon Wellesley from the north, or to unite with another French armywhich lay at Talavera, if its commander, Victor, had the wisdom to postponean engagement. The English general knew nothing of Soult's presence on hisflank: he continued his march towards Madrid along the valley of the Tagus,and finally drew up for battle at Talavera, when Victor, after retreatingbefore Cuesta to some distance, hunted back his Spanish pursuer to thepoint from which he had started.

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Wellesley gained acomplete victory, but Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:43:18 +0000
[161] The first attack was made by Victorupon the English positions at evening on the 27th of July. Next morning theassault was renewed, and the battle became general. Wellesley gained acomplete victory, but the English themselves suffered heavily, and the armyremained in its position.

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The sacrifices of Talavera proved Post Date: Fri, 1 Aug 2008 23:53:34 +0000
Within the next few days Soult was discovered tobe descending from the mountains between Salamanca and the Tagus. A forcesuperior to Wellesley's own threatened to close upon him from the rear, andto hem him in between two fires. The sacrifices of Talavera proved to havebeen made in vain.

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Madrid was still secure Post Date: Sat, 2 Aug 2008 0:11:52 +0000
Wellesley had no choice but to abandon his advance uponthe Spanish capital, and to fall back upon Portugal by the roads south ofthe Tagus. In spite of the defeat of Victor, the French were the winners ofthe campaign. Madrid was still secure; the fabric of French rule in theSpanish Peninsula was still unshaken.

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Three months before the Austrian Government Post Date: Sat, 2 Aug 2008 0:25:24 +0000
The tidings of Wellesley's retreatreached Napoleon and the Austrian negotiators, damping the hopes ofAustria, and easing Napoleon's fears. Austria's continuance of the war nowdepended upon the success or failure of the long-expected descent of anEnglish army upon the northern coast of Europe.Three months before the Austrian Government declared war upon Napoleon, ithad acquainted Great Britain with its own plans, and urged the Cabinet todispatch an English force to Northern Germany.

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The Ministry did not even Post Date: Sat, 2 Aug 2008 0:36:58 +0000
Such a force, landing at thetime of the battle of Aspern, would certainly have aroused both Prussia andthe country between the Elbe and the Maine. But the difference between amovement executed in time and one executed weeks and months too late wasstill unknown at the English War Office. The Ministry did not even begintheir preparations till the middle of June, and then they determined, inpursuance of a plan made some years earlier, to attack the French fleet anddocks at Antwerp, and to ignore that patriotic movement in Northern Germanyfrom which they had so much to hope.

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The troops were landed Post Date: Sat, 2 Aug 2008 0:56:40 +0000
On the 28th of July, two months after the battle of Aspern and three weeksafter the battle of Wagram, a fleet of thirty-seven ships of the line, withinnumerable transports and gunboats, set sail from Dover for the Schelde.Forty thousand troops were on board; the commander of the expedition wasthe Earl of Chatham, a court-favourite in whom Nature avenged herself uponGreat Britain for what she had given to this country in his father and hisyounger brother. The troops were landed on the island of Walcheren.

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